Year

Year[1] (n/OR) Ọdún: The period of 1 January to 31 December, that is, 365 or 366 days. (Àsìkò tí ó wà láàrin ọjọ́ kìíní oṣù kìíní títí di ọjọ́ kọkànlélọ́gbọ̀n oṣù kejìlá. Eléyìí lè kú sí ọ̀ódúnrún ó lé márùndínlọ́gọ́rin ọjọ́ tàbí ọ̀ódúnrún ó dín mẹ́rìndínlọ́gọ́rin ọjọ́. I started my job at the beginning of this year (Mo bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ mi ní ìbẹ̀rẹ̀ ọdún yìí). (ii) A period of twelve months measured from any particular time (Oṣù méjìlá tí a lè bẹ̀rẹ̀ síí kà láti ìgbàkúùgbà). It is exactly a year that I started working here (Ó ti di ọdún kan gééré tí mo bẹ̀rẹ̀ iṣẹ́ níbí). (iii) A student at a particular level (Akẹ́kọ̀ọ́ tí ó wà ní lẹ́bùrù kan) We started learning Portuguese at Year 3 (A bẹ̀rẹ̀ síí kó Potogí ní ọdún kẹ́ta).

Yes (n/OR): bẹ́ẹ̀ ni: (i) Used to answer a question and say something is correct. (A ń lò ó láti dáhùn ìbéèrè pé òótọ́ ni nǹkan kan). ‘Is this your car?’, ‘Yes, it is”. (‘Ṣé ọkọ̀ ayọ́kẹ́lẹ́ rẹ ni èyí?’, ‘Bẹ́ẹ̀ ni, òun ni’). (ii) Used to disagree with something negative that somebody has just said. (A máa ń lò ó láti ta ko gbólóhùn àyísódì tí ẹni kan ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ sọ. ‘I ‘ve never met her before’, ‘Yes, you have’. (‘N kò tíì bá a pàdé rí’, ‘Bẹ́ẹ̀ ni, o ti bá a pàdé’). (iii) Used to agree to a request or to give permission (A máa ń lò ó láti fún ẹni tí ó bèèrè nǹkan ní ohun tí ó bèèrè fún tàbí láti fún ẹni kan láyè). ‘Can I go?, ‘Yes, you can but be careful’. (‘Ṣé mo lè máa lọ?’, ‘Bẹ́ẹ̀ ni, o lè máa lọ ṣùgbọ́n sọ́ra’). (iv) A máa ń lò ó láti gba nǹkan tí a fún ni tàbí ibi tí a pe ni sí). ‘Would you like a drink?’, ‘Yes, thanks’. (‘Ṣé o fẹ́ mu nǹkan?’, Bẹ́ẹ̀ ni, o se é’). (v) Used to reply politely when somebody calls you (A máa ń lò ó láti fi ìbọ̀wòfún hàn tí a ba pen i). ‘Olú’. ‘Yes sir’. (‘Olú’. ‘Mo gbọ́ sà’). (vi) Used to show that you have just remembered something. (A ń lò ó láti fi hàn pé a ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ r’antí nǹkan kan). ‘Where did I put the key?’. ‘Oh yes, in my pocket’. (‘Níbo ni mo fi kọ́kọ́rọ́ sí?’. ‘Bẹ́ẹ̀ ni, nínú àpò mi’). (vii) Used to encourage someone to continue speaking (A ń lò ó láti gbà ènìyàn níyànjú pé kí ó máa sọ̀rọ̀ lọ) ‘I am going home this week’. ‘Yes’. ‘I shall bring the book’. ‘OK’. (‘Mo ń lọ sílé lọ́sẹ̀ yìí’. ‘Bẹ́ẹ̀ ni’.  ‘N ó mú ìwé náà bọ̀’. ‘Ó dára’). (viii) Used to show that you are excited or extremely please about something that has just happened. (A ń lò ó láti fihàn pé inú wa dùn sí nǹkan tí ó ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ ṣẹlẹ̀. They have scored another goal. Yes! (‘Wọ́n tún ti gbá bọ́ọ̀lù kan wọlé sí i’. ‘Bẹ́ẹ̀ ni’).

Yesterday (adv/AP) àná: Yesterday is the day before today (Àná ni ọjọ́ tí ó ṣáájú òní). They arrived yesterday. (Wọ́n dé ní àná).

(n/OR) Yesterday was Sunday. (Ọjó ọsẹ̀/ọjọ́ ìsinmi ni àná).

Yet (adv/AP: (i) Used in negative sentences and questions to talk about something that has not happen but that you expect to happen. (A ń lò ó nínú gbólóhùn àyísódì tàbí gbólóhùn ìbéèrè láti sọ̀rọ̀ nípa ohun tí kò tíì ṣẹlẹ̀ ṣùgbọ́n tí a ń retí pé yóò ṣẹlẹ̀). I have not received a letter from him (N kò tíì gba lẹ́ta kankan láti ọ̀dọ̀ rẹ̀). (ii) Used to say that something could happen in the future, even though it seems unlikely. (A ń lò ó láti fi hàn pé ó ṣeé ṣe kí nǹkan ṣẹlẹ̀ ní ọjọ́ iwájú tí ó jẹ́ pé ní àkókò tí a ń sọ̀rọ̀, kò tíì d’a wa lójú). We may win yet (Ó ti ṣeé ṣe ká borí).

You (pr/AR) Ìwọ/o/ẹ: (i) Used as the subject or object of a verb or after a preposition to refer to the person or people being spoken or written to. (A ń lò ó ní ipò olùwà tàbí àbọ fún ọ̀rò-ìṣe tàbí ọ̀rọ̀-atọ́kùn láti fi ẹni tàbí `awọn ẹni tí a ń bá sọ̀rọ̀ tàbí tí a ń kọ̀wé sí hàn). You said you knew the way. (O sọ pé o mọ ònà). I thought she told you (Mo rò pé ó sọ fún ọ). (ii) Used with nouns or adjectives to speak to somebody  directly. (A ń lò ó mọ́ ọ̀rò-orúkọ tàbí ọ̀rọ̀-àpejúwe láti ba enìyàn sọ̀rọ̀ tààrà).  You girls, stop talking. (Ẹ̀yin ọmọbìnrin yìí wọ̀nyí, ẹ yé sọ̀rọ̀). (iii) Used to refer to people in general (A ń lò ó láti tọ́ka sí àwọn ènìyàn). You learn a language better when you go to the country where it si spoken. (a máa ń kọ́ èdè dáadáa bí a bá lọ sí ìlú tí wọ́n ti ń sọ ọ́).

Young (adj/AJ) Tí kò dàgbà: Having lived or existed for only a short time; not fully developed. (Tí ó ṣẹ̀ṣẹ̀ wà láyé fún ìgbà díẹ̀; tí kò tíì dàgbà dáadáa). A young country (Ilẹ̀ tí kò tíì dàgbà). The night is still young (Ilẹ̀ kò tíì sú).

Your (pr/AR): (i) Of or belonging to the person or people being spoken or written. (Tí ó jẹ́ ti ẹni kan tàbí ti àwọn ènìyàn kan tí a ń bá sọ̀rọ̀ tàbí tí a ń kọ̀wé sí). Is this your seat? (Ṣé ìjòkó rẹ nì yí?) (ii) Of or belonging to people in general. A ń lò ó láti fi sọ ohun tí ó tọ́ sí àpapọ̀ ènìyàn. Dentists advice you to have your teeth checked. (Àwọn dókìtà eléyín gbà ọ́ nímọ̀ràn láti máa yẹ eyín rẹ wò)̣ (iii) Used in some titles, especially those of royal people. (A ń lò ó fún àwọn olóyè kan ní pàtàkì àwọn tí ó ti ilé ọlá wá) Your Majesty. (Ọlọ́lá jù lọ).

Wrong (adj.AJ): (i) Not correct. (Tí kò tọ̀nà). I got all the answers wrong. (Gbogbo ìdáhùn ni mo sì). (ii) Causing problems or difficulties. Not as it should be (Tí ó ń fa wàhálà. Tí kò rí bí ó ti yẹ kí ó rí). Is anything wrong? You look worried. (Ṣé kò sí nǹkan kan? Ojú rẹ kò fani mọ́ra) (iii) Used for not suitable or right. (A ń lò ó fún ohun tí kò dára tàbí ohun tí kò tọ̀nà). He is the wrong person for the job. (Kìí ṣe ẹni tí ó tọ́ fún iṣẹ́ náà).

Write (v/IṢ) kọ: (i) To make letters or numbers on a surface, especially using pen or pencil. (Kíkọ nọ́ńbà tàbí lẹ́tà sí orí nǹkàn tí ó tọ́ pẹrẹsẹ). In some countries, children do not learn to write until they are six. (Ní àwọn ilẹ̀ kan, àwọn ọmọdé kìí bẹ̀rẹ̀láti koọ̀wé títí wọn yóò fi pé ọmọ ọdún mẹ́fà). (ii) To produce something in written form so that people can read it. (Kíkọ nǹkan sílẹ̀ fún àwọn ènìyàn láti kà). To put information, a message of good wishes in a letter and send it to somebody. (Kí a kọ nǹkan tí a fẹ́ fi fẹ́ ènìyàn fẹ́re sílẹ̀ kí a sì fi i ránṣẹ́ sí i). He wrote it for people to gain from it. (Ó kọ ọ́ sílẹ̀ kí àwọn ènìyàn lè jèrè láti inú rè.)

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[1] Falodun, B. Raphael translated these words.